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Margaret III, Countess of Flanders
Margaret of Dampierre (13 April 1350 – 16/21 March 1405) was the last Countess of Flanders (as Margaret III) of the House of Dampierre, Countess of Artois and Countess Palatine of Burgundy (as Margaret II) and twice Duchess consort of Burgundy. She was the only surviving child and heir of Louis de Mâle, Count of Flanders, Count of Nevers, and Count of Rethel (1346–1384); and his wife Margaret of Brabant, Countess of Flanders.〔Sergio Boffa, ''Warfare in Medieval Brabant, 1356-1406'', (Boydell & Brewer, 2004), xvii.〕
==Biography==
In 1355,〔Wim Blockmans and Walter Prevenier, ''The Promised Lands: The Low Countries Under Burgundian Rule, 1369-1530'', transl. Elizabeth Fackelman, ed. Edward Peters, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1999), 13.〕 the young Margaret married Philip of Rouvres,〔David M Nicholas, ''Medieval Flanders'', (Routledge, 1992), 225-226, 442.〕 grandson and heir of Odo IV, Duke of Burgundy. He was count of Burgundy and Artois (1347–1361), Duke of Burgundy (1350–1361), and became Count of Auvergne and Boulogne (1360–1361).
Following Philip's death from a riding accident in 1361,〔W. Mark Ormrod, ''Edward III'', (Yale University Press, 2011), 417〕 Margaret was widowed. King John II of France claimed the duchy for the kingdom of France.〔 In 1364 Philip the Bold, John's youngest son, was granted the duchy,〔Richard Vaughan, ''Philip the Bold: The Formation of the Burgundian State'', Vol. 1, (The Boydell Press, 2005), 152〕 and subsequently married Margaret.〔''Mapping Family Lines: A Late Fifteenth Century Example of Genealogical Display'', Charlotte Bauer-Smith, Reputation and Representation in Fifteenth Century Europe, ed. Douglas L. Biggs, Sharon D. Michalove, Albert Compton Reeves, (Brill, 2004), 130. 〕 Margaret's second marriage to Philip the Bold took place in 1369.〔Wim Blockmans, Walter Prevenier, ''The Promised Lands: The Low Countries Under Burgundian Rule, 1369-1530'', ed. Edward Peters, transl. Elizabeth Fackelman, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 1988), 1.〕
When Margaret's father died in 1384, she and Philip inherited the counties of Artois, Burgundy, Flanders, Nevers, and Rethel.〔''Duchy of Burgundy'', Cathal J. Nolan, The Age of Wars of Religion, 1000-1650: An Encyclopedia of Global Warfare and Civilization, Vol. 1, (Greenwood Publishing, 2006), 100.〕 Philip died in 1404, and Margaret died the next year. With her death, the House of Dampierre became extinct and the County of Flanders lost its independence. It came under the rule of the House of Burgundy and later of the House of Habsburg.
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